RMD Calculator
Calculate your Required Minimum Distribution (RMD) from Traditional IRAs and 401(k) accounts. Uses the latest IRS Uniform Lifetime Table.
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IRS Uniform Lifetime Table III (2022 update) is used for account owners. Consult a tax advisor for inherited accounts โ rules changed significantly under SECURE Act 2.0.
Frequently Asked Questions
- Required Minimum Distribution (RMD) is the minimum amount the IRS requires you to withdraw annually from tax-deferred retirement accounts (Traditional IRA, 401k, 403b, 457b) starting at age 73 (under SECURE 2.0). You pay ordinary income tax on the amount withdrawn.
- Under SECURE Act 2.0 (effective 2023), RMDs begin at age 73. If you turn 73 in 2024 or later, your first RMD is due by April 1 of the year after you turn 73. Subsequent RMDs are due by December 31 each year. Roth IRAs do NOT have RMDs during the owner's lifetime.
- RMD = Account balance (Dec 31 prior year) รท IRS Life Expectancy Factor. The factor comes from IRS Uniform Lifetime Table III, based on your age at the end of the current year. This calculator uses the updated 2022 IRS tables.
- The penalty for missing an RMD is 25% of the amount that should have been withdrawn (reduced from 50% under SECURE 2.0). The penalty drops to 10% if corrected within two years. This is one of the steepest IRS penalties, so set reminders.
- No โ Roth IRAs are exempt from RMDs during the original owner's lifetime. This is one of their key advantages. However, inherited Roth IRAs ARE subject to RMDs. Roth 401(k)s were also subject to RMDs until 2024, when SECURE 2.0 eliminated that requirement.
- Yes โ the RMD is a minimum, not a maximum. You can always withdraw more. Extra withdrawals are taxed as ordinary income but do not face the 25% penalty. Some people take larger distributions early in retirement to avoid large RMDs (and higher tax brackets) later.
- For Traditional IRAs: calculate the RMD for each account separately, but you can satisfy the total by withdrawing from any combination. For 401(k) plans: you must take the RMD from each 401(k) separately. You cannot aggregate 401(k) RMDs like IRA RMDs.
- Yes โ after taking your RMD, you can reinvest the after-tax proceeds in a taxable brokerage account or Roth IRA (if you have earned income and meet income limits). You cannot put RMD funds back into a Traditional IRA or roll them over to another tax-deferred account.